How To Make Your Own Animal Feeds

Once you’ve had chickens for a while you may want to experiment with making your own animal feeds.  Making your own may not necessarily be cheaper, but you can use local and highly nutritious ingredients.  Most conventional animal feeds rely heavily on corn and soybeans as the main ingredients.  Unless you are paying for a high priced feed that is tested as being GMO free, your chickens are most likely eating genetically modified ingredients.  Some people have no issues with GMO corn and soybeans, but others would prefer to use heritage varieties.  Luckily making your own animal feeds is not super difficult!

Last winter I came across a GMO free feed recipe and I was super excited.  I had already switched the goats off their prepackaged feed but was hesitant about phasing out the layer feed.  I ended up switching all the animals to a feed mix and I am very happy with the results.

Our chickens are having the easiest molt ever, the goats are sleek and shiny, and the rabbits are looking good as well.  I did make some personal tweaks to the recipe so the nutritional content is not exactly what is posted on the link.   If you are interested in mixing your own feed at all check it out!

Since then I’ve done more research and made some modifications to our feed to really optimize it.

Make Your Own Animal Feeds

The mix I started out with is one part split peas or lentils, one part flax seeds or sunflower seeds, one part barley, and one part oats.  I buy these in bulk from Winco or the feed store, where ever I happen to be shopping when it’s time to bulk up.   Since switching I realized that the chickens will pick through the mix to find their favorite items.  Invariably this leaves behind a lot of split peas and lentils.  If you want to keep using the split peas, grind the mix, add water, and feed daily as a mash.

If you are using lentils, sprouting them usually motivates the chickens to gobble them up.  Sprouting is super easy, simply soak the seeds over night and then rinse daily until fed.  If you have the space you can even green it up for fodder.  (Related Post: Fodder Feeding: How To Get Healthy Livestock AND Save Money). You could also mix the ingredients together with molasses, which is especially good for goats.

Recently I’ve switched to using sunflower seeds as the main protein source, in addition to alfalfa (if you can find a GMO free source…) for the rabbits and goats.  The barley can be swapped for wheat berries or cracked corn in the winter. The goats can eat whole oats, but the rabbits and chickens will absorb nutrients better if they are rolled or sprouted first.  Recently I’ve been adding flax meal and a handful of salt to the mix for extra nutrition.

Easy to Find Ingredients

• Lentils
• Split Peas
• Black Oil Sunflower seeds
• Barley
• Oats
• Wheat berries
• Cracked corn
• Flax seeds or meal
• Salt
• Pumpkin seeds

Supplements

You will need to add supplements in separate dishes to make sure there are no nutrient deficiencies.  The goats and rabbits will need minerals, and the goats will need baking soda.  The chickens need oyster shell for additional calcium.  Ground kelp is a good source of copper and other nutrients, and my chickens and goats come running every time I refill their kelp bowl.

Here’s an example of putting together a homemade mix by Justin Rhodes from Abundant Permaculture:

Fresh Foods

It’s also very important that your animals get fresh live foods daily as well as high protein ones.  the best option is pasture or forage.  You can even pasture your chickens on your lawn!  (Related Post: Pastured Meat Chickens In The City).  If that isn’t a possibility, you can still grow foods and bring them to your animals.  Extra garden produce such as beets, chard, squash or cooked potatoes, comfrey, and even weeds like nettles and dandelions are highly nutritious and delicious to our furry and feathered friends.

If you plant cover crops you can cut them for feed or let the animals come to the garden plot in a tractor or temporary fencing.  Some good options are kale, turnips, radishes, buckwheat, and clover.  Some grains can even be grown in small spaces such as dent corn, broom corn, or amaranth.  Left over fruits or ground nuts make good chicken and duck feed, and worms, slugs, Japanese beeetles, kefir or leftover dairy are great for added protein.

Chickens are also happy to eat extra eggs (hardboiled), and even offal and blood left over from butchering your rabbits.  The book The Small Scale Poultry Flock dedicates a great portion of it’s chapters to discussing replacing purchased feeds.  If you want to get away from buying both premade feeds and purchased grains I highly recommend it.

Want Even More Information?

If you want to learn more about animal nutrition National Academies Press offers a free download of the Nutrient Requirements of Poultry.  It’s very technical, but very informative.  I have it downloaded to my phone’s Kindle app so I can read it when I’m out and about if I’m so inclined.

Domestic Rabbits & Their Histories by Bob Whitman  has some great detail on alternative feeding of rabbits.

Storey’s Guide to Raising Dairy Goats has an entire chapter dedicated to goat nutrition and formulating your own feed mix.

You can also check out the recommended books on our resource page!

Go Make Your Own Feeds!

I love being a little more independent and able to mix my own feeds and make sure my animals get the highest quality feed without having to buy expensive and hard to find feeds.  It can be tricky keeping the nutrients in balance, but I find it worthwhile.

Do you mix your own feeds or do you prefer the ease of prepackaged?

Want All Our Goat Articles In One Printable Place?

If you want all our goat wisdom in an easy to reference, printable format, check out our guide Jump Start Your Urban Homestead With Dairy Goats.

This 37 page digital resource will help you get started breeding and milking your goats, give basic feeding tips, and help you monitor for common health issues. Digital articles are nice, but sometimes I like having things printed out so I can keep it in my goat barn, scribble notes, or not have to worry about my internet connection.

If that sounds useful for you, check it out!